Essential services run in kernel space and remaining process which are not as important are out of this space.
stuff that is in the kernel
- process mgmt
- interrupt handling
- interprocess communication
- memory management
How does communication occur in microkernel
THEY USE INTERPROCESS COMMUNICATION
- one of the reasons it is slower is due to this that here communication requires message passing instead of direct function calls.
ADV-
- More secure as services are not given full privilege
- Better stability
- Easier maintenance as the kernel is smaller and has less components.
- better modularity
DISADV-
- Slower performance due to IPC overhead.
- the communication between services is very complex.
- frequent switching between user and kernel mode (Switches increase the cost).
**Examples are - MACH, MINIX3, and other embedded and safety system use this only.